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Does Morales’s “socialist” agenda pose a threat to American values?

Written by The Andean Information Network
February 1, 2010

This should quell some fears about how closed to capitalist and American initiatives the new Bolivian pluri-national government could be:
During his campaign, Evo Morales promised that he would reach out to the lowland upper and middle classes and lobby to have the 2010 Miss Universe Pageant held in Santa Cruz.  The lowland city has the [...]

Debunking Myths Part II: Bolivia’s Autonomy Initiatives

Written by Doug Hertzler
February 1, 2010

In September 2008 lowland elites led sustained protests against the Bolivian president, Evo Morales, demanding autonomy for their departments.  Yet, Morales’ MAS government never opposed grassroots autonomy initiatives. In fact, the administration held a 2006 referendum allowing lowland departments to opt for autonomy to be defined in the new Constitution. Ironically, opposition efforts to block [...]

Debunking Myths: The Eastern Lowlands of Santa Cruz: Part of an Integrated Bolivia

Written by Doug Hertzler
January 29, 2010

On December 6, Evo Morales, Bolivia’s first indigenous President, easily won reelection with 64% of the vote to 26% for the right-wing candidate Manfred Reyes Villa. During his first term in office the international press and opinion makers hyped a “deep” divide between Bolivia’s eastern lowland regions and the western Andean highlands. For example, an [...]

It’s Time for a New Relationship with Bolivia

Written by Doug Hertzler
January 26, 2010

Evo Morales is the most popular President Bolivia has ever had. Last month he won re-election with 64% of the vote in spite of the fact that he is often at loggerheads with Bolivia’s upper classes that control the country’s print and television media.
Evo Morales and representatives of the U.S. government have a history of [...]

Dejа Vu All Over Again: “Decertification” Memorandum of Justification Inaccurate and Misleading

Written by Andean Information Network
October 15, 2009

On September 15, the Obama administration submitted the Memorandum of Justification explaining their decision to name Bolivia as a country that “failed demonstrably… to adhere to their obligations under international counternarcotics agreements” for the second year in a row. Once again the determination presents inaccurate, poorly prepared information, further complicated by confusing language.
Without reliable, coherent [...]

National Parks in the Chapare: Recent Conflicts and Complexities

Written by The Andean Information Network
September 29, 2009

On September 26, coca growers attempting to settle illegally in the Isiboro-Securé Park and indigenous Yuracaré inhabitants clashed in a violent conflict, leading to the gunshot death of at least one person and the injury of several others.  The clash highlights the complex situation surrounding national parks in the Chapare coca-growing region. In many cases [...]

AIN/WOLA Press Release: U.S. Decertification of Bolivia

Written by The Andean Information Network and The Washington Office on Latin America
September 24, 2009

In spite of Bolivia’s November 2008 expulsion of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) for allegedly conspiring against the government of President Evo Morales, U.S.-Bolivian cooperation on coca reduction and drug interdiction has continued, and Bolivia has actively pursued counter-drug coordination with its neighbors and the international community.  (For more information, on these issues, see [...]

Contact

John Walsh, Senior Associate for the Andes and Drug Policy

jwalsh@wola.org

(202) 797-2171; (617) 584-1713

Kathryn Ledebur, Director, AIN

kledebur@ain-bolivia.org

(703) 220-0045


Comunicado de Prensa

16 de septiembre de 2009
 Washington, DC

La descertificación de Bolivia: Repetición del Pasado

16 de septiembre, 2009 – La decisión de ayer de la administración del Presidente Obama de “descertificar” los esfuerzos bolivianos de control de drogas es injustificada y corre el riesgo de complicar innecesariamente los esfuerzos en camino para mejorar las relaciones bilaterales entre Bolivia y los Estados Unidos, según la Oficina en Washington para Asuntos Latinoamericanos (WOLA, por sus siglas en inglés) y la Red Andina de Información (AIN, por sus siglas en inglés).

Éste es el segundo año consecutivo en que el gobierno de los EE.UU. determina que Bolivia ha “fallado de manera demostrable durante los doce meses previos, en cumplir sus obligaciones delineadas bajos acuerdos internacionales antinarcóticos”. La descertificación no pone en riesgo la asistencia antidroga o humanitaria, y la administración del Presidente Obama implementó una exención que le permite seguir otorgando otro tipo de ayuda estadounidense.

A pesar de la expulsión de la Agencia Anti-Drogas Estadounidense (DEA) en noviembre del 2008 por supuestamente conspirar en contra el gobierno del Presidente Evo Morales, la cooperación entre Bolivia y los Estados Unidos en cuanto a la reducción de coca y la interdicción de drogas sigue en marcha, y Bolivia ha buscado activamente la coordinación con sus vecinos y la comunidad internacional en temas anti-droga. (Para más información sobre estos temas, ver los memos de AIN-WOLA de enero yagosto 2009.)

Incluso la administración del Presidente Obama ha reconocido esto, incluyendo en una comunicación enviada ayer por la embajada de EE.UU. en La Paz que dice entre otras cosas:

“Estados Unidos reconoce que Bolivia está dedicando una cantidad récord de recursos nacionales para sus esfuerzos antinarcóticos. Hemos observado que los esfuerzos de erradicación e interdicción de Bolivia continúan, conduciendo a importantes incautaciones y arrestos, y también apoyamos la mayor cooperación de Bolivia con Brasil, Argentina, organizaciones internacionales y otros actores en la lucha contra el narcotráfico. Estados Unidos aprobó recientemente la transferencia de cuatro helicópteros con componentes estadounidenses desde Brasil a Bolivia, para cooperar con los esfuerzos antinarcóticos de Bolivia.”

Sin embargo, la administración del Presidente Obama optó por descertificar.

“Si la administración Obama quiere apoyar el control de drogas boliviano y regional, hay mucho espacio para la cooperación”, señaló Kathryn Ledebur, de la Red Andina de Información. “Pero es difícil ver cómo esta descertificación y la imagen errónea y distorsionada que refleja de los esfuerzos de Bolivia ayuda a la situación”.

En América Latina, el proceso de certificación de drogas ha contribuido por mucho tiempo a la reputación de arrogancia e hipocresía de los Estados Unidos. La victoria del Presidente Barack Obama en las elecciones presidenciales de 2008, y numerosas declaraciones de funcionarios de alto nivel estadounidenses, fomentaron la expectativa de que los EE.UU. revisaría su enfoque hacia las políticas de droga, especialmente en cuanto a hacerle frente a la demanda de drogas ilícitas en su propio país.

“A pesar de las señales positivas, y el espíritu de colaboración que animó la Cumbre de las Américas en abril”, relató John Walsh de la Oficina en Washington para Asuntos Latinoamericanos, “la descertificación de Bolivia indica que la administración del Presidente Obama está fuera de sintonía con los acontecimientos en la región, y está perdiendo oportunidades para forjar relaciones más constructivas”.

Los gobiernos de EE.UU. y Bolivia han expresado repetidamente su interés por mejorar las relaciones, y la cooperación bilateral de control de droga ha continuado a pesar de las tensiones reales que se han presentado. WOLA y AIN le urgen al Presidente Obama reponer la falta de cohesión entre su retórica positiva y sus acciones en cuanto a cómo mejorar las relaciones con Bolivia.

Contacto

John Walsh, Coordinadora de Programas para los Andes y Política de Drogas

jwalsh@wola.org

(202) 797-2171; (617) 584-1713

Kathryn Ledebur, Directora, AIN

kledebur@ain-bolivia.org

(703) 220-0045

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Recent Gallup Results on Bolivian Elections

Written by The Andean Information Network
August 31, 2009

Alternative indigenous candidates polled relatively poorly.  Victor Hugo Cardenas received the highest percentage in the group (4.5%), leaving him in fifth place, Rene Joaquino (3.5%). Both came in several percentage points behind the category, “Don’t know; didn’t respond.”  It will be interesting to see how numbers change as the campaign season progresses.

Department
% Votes for Morales
Second [...]

Who’s Who in the Bolivian Presidential Elections: Anyone New Opposing Morales?

Written by Erin Hatheway, The Andean Information Network
August 26, 2009

Candidates and Potential Candidates 

Victor Hugo Cárdenas, The People (Gente): Vice President during the first Sánchez de Lozada term, Cárdenas intends to contribute to a unified opposition bloc and promote “national reunification.”[ii] Of Aymara heritage, he faces harsh criticism among indigenous populations for his perceived “sell-out” to neoliberal policies. It is interesting to note that Cárdenas, [...]

Jimena Costa, Emerging Force for Bolivia: Costa is a political analyst who served as an advisor under several previous administrations. On August 24 she declared her intention to run as a candidate for the Emerging Force for Bolivia group.  Despite the implicit irony in adding herself to the growing list of opposition candidates, Costa continues to emphasize the importance of creating a united front to challenge Morales.
  • German Antelo, National Revolutionary Movement (MNR): Santa Cruz civic leader Antelo is a physician and past president of the Rural Electric Cooperative (CRE), but has no long history within party politics. Although Antelo publicly remarked that he would only run as part of a “united [opposition] front,” the National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) party announced him as its candidate. Some party leaders were unhappy with his appointment and are taking legal action to change internal leadership, casting doubt on the longevity of Antelo's candidacy. Regardless, the MNR will likely have a difficult time encountering voter support due to low levels of support following the resignation of former party leader, President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada.
     
    “United Front” faces nearly insurmountable obstacles
     
    According to many political analysts in Bolivia, the opposition is terminally divided and concerned with "personal interests."[xv] Campaign rhetoric is heating up as candidates hypocritically accuse one another of sabotaging the chances of a “united front.” For example, upon hearing that Jimena Costa declared her candidacy, Alejo Véliz remarked to the press, "It saddens me that she is fresh meat for Bolivian politics’ hawks and buzzards."[xvi] Reports of failed meetings between opposition candidates seeking to build coalitions circulate regularly among the media channels. Although there are new groups with different discourses there are few fresh options or alternatives. Although less than two weeks remain until the September 7 deadline for candidates to officially declare their campaigns, the final ballot roster remains unpredictable.  
     


    [i] ABI, "Véliz: Costa 'me da pena, me entristece; es carne fresca para buitres y halcones' de la política boliviana." 25 August 2009.
    [ii] La Razón, “Cárdenas inicio una campana en televisión.” 7 July 2009.
    [iii] La Prensa, “El tablero electoral toma forma, hay 7 candidatos presidenciales.” 13 August 2009.
    [iv] Los Tiempos, “Tuto oficializa su candidatura.” 14 August 2009.
    [v] Ibíd.
    [vi] La Razón, “Los opositores buscan recursos para la campana.” 22 June 2009.
    [vii] Ibíd.
    [viii] Los Tiempos, “Román Loayza se aleja de Evo y anuncia posible candidatura a presidente.” 24 April 2009.
    [ix] La Razón, “Muspa retiró la candidatura de Román Loayza.” 4 August 2009.
    [x] Los Tiempos, “Ya son 10 los Candidatos a la Presidencia.” 12 August 2009.
    [xi] La Prensa, “El tablero electoral toma forma, hay 7 candidatos presidenciales.” 13 August 2009.
    [xii] La Razón, “Julio es el mes decisivo en los planes electorales de la oposición.” 6 July 2009.
    [xiii] EFE “Ex ministro de Trabajo boliviano anuncia candidatura para los comicios del 6 diciembre” 22 May 2009.
    [xiv] “Entrevista Periódico Opinión: ‘El desafío no es ganarle a Evo en las elecciones, sino construir un nuevo país.’” 21 July 2009.
    [xv] Los Tiempos, "Oposición quiere frente único, pero sigue dividida." 25 August 2009.  
    [xvi] ABI, "Véliz: Costa 'me da pena, me entristece; es carne fresca para buitres y halcones' de la política boliviana." 25 August 2009.

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    Morales Leads Still Undefined Bolivian Presidential Race

    Written by Erin Hatheway, The Andean Information Network
    August 20, 2009

    The Pivotal Indigenous Vote The candidates’ capacity to bridge deep regional and ethnic divides will also present an interesting campaign challenge. Recent elections and referenda results demonstrate the need for opposition contenders to tap into voter demographics outside of the urban, upper-middle class mestizo populations, which have historically represented conservative opposition groups’ core support. The urban [...]

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      Candidate Rene Joaquino referred to the group of opposition candidates as "a bag of cats" lacking a common ideological foundation. # 2009/08/25

      Candidate Alejo Veliz slammed competitor: "I pity Costa, it saddens me that she is fresh meat for Bolivian politics’ hawks and buzzards." # 2009/08/25

      Bolivian presidential elections scheduled for December 6; campaign rhetoric heats up # 2009/08/25

      Picachuri blew himself up with dynamite on 3/3/04 following a protest in front of Congress to demand fair payment of his retirement pension # 2009/08/24

      Many representatives in the House and Senate report that at night they feel the presence of deceased miner Eustaquio Picachuri Collaca # 2009/08/24

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